Tuberculosis and Retroperitoneal Fibrosis Associated with Takayasu's Disease: A Coincidental Association or a Pathogenetic Relationship?

Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF), also known as Ormond's disease, is a rare and progressive condition characterized by the formation of abnormal fibroinflammatory tissue in the retroperitoneum. It can be idiopathic or secondary to infiltrative, infectious, or malignant diseases. Retroperitoneal fibrosis associated with tuberculosis is a particularly rare form, with a complex diagnosis and poorly understood pathophysiological mechanisms. At the same time, Takayasu's disease, a vasculitis primarily affecting the aorta and its major branches, can be triggered by infections, particularly Mycobacterium tuberculosis, through a hypersensitivity reaction. We report the case of a 26-year-old patient presenting with retroperitoneal fibrosis associated with Takayasu’s disease in the context of multifocal tuberculosis, illustrating a rare combination of these conditions.